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William Shakespeare was a British poet and playwright and writer.
William's father, John Shakespeare, was a merchant and official in Stratford. There are reports that he was a sailor for a time before joining a theater company in London. Beginning in the 1590s, Shakespeare began writing plays, and in 1593 he published a poem, Venus and Adonis, which became popular. He dedicated it to the Duke of Southampton, who was a philanthropist and patron of talent, and soon his business was booming.
From 1592 to 1600 Shakespeare wrote his dramas and romantic comedies "Richard III", "The Taming of the Shrew", "Romeo and Juliet", "A Midsummer Night's Dream" and "The Merchant of Venice", as well as the comedies "Much Ado About Nothing", "Twelfth Night" and the tragedy "Julius Caesar". The playwright's business was so successful that he even bought a large house in Stratford. In 1599, Shakespeare became one of the owners, playwright and actor of the new theater "Globe". In 1603 King James took Shakespeare's troupe under his direct patronage. In the mature period, the great playwright turned to tragedies, there were "Hamlet", "Othello", "King Lear", "Macbeth" and others.
Although in the 19th century researchers had some doubts about the authorship of many of these works, William Shakespeare is considered the greatest English playwright, one of the best playwrights in the world. His plays have been translated into all major languages and to this day form the basis of the world theatrical repertoire, most of them have been screened many times. According to the Guinness Book of Records, Shakespeare remains the world's best-selling playwright, and his plays and poems have sold more than 4 billion copies in the nearly 400 years since his death.
Thomas Gainsborough was an English painter, renowned for his mastery in both portraiture and landscape art, active during the 18th century. Born in Sudbury, Suffolk, Gainsborough displayed early artistic talent, which led him to London to study art seriously. He is often celebrated for his fluid and expressive brushwork and his innovative approach to portrait and landscape painting. Gainsborough was notably influenced by Dutch landscape paintings and the Rococo style, which is evident in his delicate and evocative use of color and light.
Thomas Gainsborough's career gained significant momentum when he moved to Bath, where he attracted a fashionable clientele. This period was marked by his creation of portraits that seamlessly integrated the sitters into lush, idyllic landscapes. Despite his success with portraits, Gainsborough preferred painting landscapes, often expressing a desire to escape the demands of portrait commissions to focus on these scenic representations.
Some of his most famous works include "The Blue Boy" and "Mr. and Mrs. Andrews." "The Blue Boy" is particularly noted for its vibrant blue costume and has been a hallmark of Gainsborough's style in capturing the personality and elegance of the youth. His works are held in high esteem and are part of collections across major museums globally, such as the National Gallery, Tate Britain, and the Huntington Library, to name a few.
For those interested in exploring Thomas Gainsborough's contributions to art, his paintings offer a glimpse into the social fabric and the natural beauty of 18th-century England, making him a pivotal figure in the English school of painting. His ability to convey character and atmosphere in his portraits and landscapes alike ensures his continued relevance and admiration in the art world today.
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Nathaniel Hawthorne is an American writer and author.
Hawthorne is a recognized short story writer and a master of allegorical and symbolic narrative. One of the first fiction writers in American literature, he is best known for his works The Scarlet Letter (1850) and The House of Seven Gables (1851). Hawthorne's artistic works are considered part of the American Romantic movement and, in particular, of so-called dark Romanticism, a popular mid-19th-century fascination with the irrational, the demonic, and the grotesque.
Jean Colombe was a French miniaturist and manuscript illustrator. He founded a dynasty of illuminators, including a son and grandson who continued his work even after his death.
Colombe is known to have decorated a large number of manuscripts. He was commissioned to illustrate both secular and religious texts, and he depicted scenes with many characters in elaborate architectural structures or landscapes. His illuminated manuscripts were decorated with gold or silver, brilliant colors, intricate drawings, or miniature images. Jean Colombe was patronized by Charlotte of Savoy, wife of Louis XI and a noted bibliophile. He illustrated manuscripts for the queen, her daughter Anne Beaujault, and members of the court. Colombe also entered the service of her nephew, Charles I, Duke of Savoy, who commissioned him to complete two unfinished manuscripts in his library: the magnificent Apocalypse of Jean Baptiste and Perronet Lamy and probably the most famous of all the Chapels, The Rich Estates of the Duke of Berry by the brothers de Limbourg.
