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Philipp Otto Runge was a German painter of the early 19th century. He became known as a master of historical and portrait painting. Runge is considered one of the most prominent representatives of the Romantic style in European art.
Philipp Otto Runge became famous for his pioneering paintings. He painted portraits as well as landscapes and historical works. In addition to easel painting he was engaged in illustrating books, wrote poems, prose and fairy tales. In addition, the artist developed his own theory of three-dimensional color system in the field of art. Runge manuscripts on this subject were published after his death, and experts appreciated them only in the middle of the XIX century.
Many of Runge's masterpieces perished in 1931 in the catastrophic fire of the Glass Palace - an exhibition hall in Munich. Most of the master's surviving paintings are now in the Hamburg Museum of Art.
Johann Philipp Eduard Gaertner was a German painter of the second quarter of the 19th century, the Biedermeier era. He is known as a landscape painter, famous for his views of Berlin and other cities.
Eduard Gaertner created many architectural landscapes of Berlin, as well as St. Petersburg and Moscow during his travels to Russia. The value of these works is that they documented the appearance of the cities on the eve of the age of photography. Gaertner's painting style underwent a change after the death of King Friedrich Wilhelm III, his patron. In keeping with the cultural attitudes of Prussia's new ruler, the artist began to paint more romantic and idealized landscapes in which architecture played a decorative role.
