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Jan van Scorel was a Dutch painter, who played a leading role in introducing aspects of Italian Renaissance painting into Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting. He was one of the early painters of the Romanist style who had spent a number of years in Italy, where he thoroughly absorbed the Italian style of painting.
Marten van Cleve the Elder was a Flemish painter and draftsman active in Antwerp between 1551 and 1581. Van Cleve is mainly known for his genre scenes with peasants and landscapes, which show a certain resemblance with the work of Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Marten van Cleve was one of the leading Flemish artists of his generation. His subjects and compositions were an important influence on the work of Pieter Brueghel the Younger and other genre painters of his generation.
Joos de Momper the Younger was a Flemish landscape painter active in Antwerp between the late 16th century and the early 17th century. Brueghel's influence is clearly evident in many of de Momper's paintings. His work is situated at the transition from late 16th-century Mannerism to the greater realism in landscape painting that developed in the early 17th century. He achieved considerable success during his lifetime.
Adriaen Pietersz. van de Venne was a Dutch painter, graphic artist, and poet of the Golden Age and a member of the Guild of St. Luke in The Hague. He is known for his paintings of genre scenes, allegories, portraits, and historical scenes. De Venne painted many engravings illustrating genre scenes depicting peasants, old men, vagabonds, madmen, and thieves. These works often illustrate aphorisms and proverbs.
Frans Snyders was a Flemish painter of animals, hunting scenes, market scenes and still lifes. He was one of the earliest specialist animaliers and he is credited with initiating a wide variety of new still-life and animal subjects in Antwerp. He was a regular collaborator with leading Antwerp painters such as Peter Paul Rubens, Anthony van Dyck and Jacob Jordaens.
Peter Paul Rubens was a distinguished Flemish Baroque painter, renowned for his dynamic, vibrant, and sensuous paintings. Born on June 28, 1577, in Siegen, Westphalia, Germany, Rubens' family moved back to Antwerp in the Spanish Netherlands (now Belgium) after his father's death. He was raised in his mother’s Roman Catholic faith and received a classical education. He began his artistic training in 1591 and later traveled to Italy, where he was profoundly influenced by Renaissance masters like Titian, Tintoretto, and Veronese. This experience significantly shaped his artistic style.
Rubens' art is celebrated for its emphasis on movement, color, and sensuality. He was particularly skilled in depicting religious and mythological scenes, portraits, and landscapes. Some of his notable works include "The Descent from the Cross" and "The Raising of the Cross," which are prime examples of Baroque religious art, showcasing his unique style that blended influences from Italian Renaissance and his own innovations.
Rubens was not just a painter but also a diplomat, serving at various European courts. He was knighted by both Philip IV of Spain and Charles I of England. His diplomatic missions often intertwined with his artistic endeavors, as seen during his travels to Spain and Italy. In addition to painting, he was involved in designing tapestries, prints, and book title-pages. He ran a large workshop in Antwerp, producing works that were popular with nobility and art collectors across Europe. His studio was in his home, the Rubenshuis, now a museum.
His influence extended to his students, notably Anthony van Dyck, and his collaborative works with other artists like Jan Brueghel the Elder. Rubens' work continued to be celebrated for its vitality and influence on the Baroque style, making him one of the most influential artists of his time.
For those interested in the work and life of Peter Paul Rubens, many of his works can be found in museums and galleries worldwide, including the National Gallery in London, which houses several of his paintings like "A View of Het Steen in the Early Morning" and "Minerva protects Pax from Mars ('Peace and War')".
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Pieter Claesz was a Dutch Golden Age painter of still lifes.
He and Willem Claeszoon Heda, who also worked in Haarlem, were the most important exponents of the "ontbijt" or dinner piece. They painted with subdued, virtually monochromatic palettes, the subtle handling of light and texture being the prime means of expression. Claesz generally chose objects of a more hospitable kind than Heda, although his later work became more colourful and decorative. Claesz's still lifes often suggest allegorical purpose, with skulls serving as reminders of human mortality. The two men founded a distinguished tradition of still life painting in Haarlem. Pieter Claesz was influenced by the artist movement 'Vanitas'.
Jan Havickszoon Steen was a Dutch painter of the Golden Age, a member of the Harlem and Leiden Guilds of St. Luke. Steen is one of the most important Dutch genre painters of his time. Most of his several hundred paintings focus on human morality with the aim of teaching the viewer a moral lesson. They often refer to proverbs or old Dutch literary texts. In addition to genre paintings, Sten explored a variety of subjects: he painted historical, mythological and religious scenes, still lifes and landscapes.
Godfried Schalcken was a Dutch genre and portrait painter. He was noted for his mastery in reproducing the effect of candlelight, and painted in the exquisite and highly polished manner of the Leiden fijnschilders.
Pieter Gerritsz. van Roestraeten was a Dutch painter who spent most of his life in Great Britain.
He lived in Amsterdam, and in 1666 moved to London, where he remained for the rest of his life, enjoying the highest patronage.
Roestraeten painted mainly still lifes with luxury goods, as well as still lifes in the vanitas style. He created at least four self-portraits, and often painted his own reflections on polished silver objects in still lifes. The artist also depicted genre scenes from the everyday life of the common people.
Jacob de Wit was a Dutch painter, decorator and collector, a member of the Guild of St. Luke in Antwerp.
De Wit studied at the Royal Academy in Antwerp, where he began to study the work of Peter Paul Rubens and became his follower. De Wit made copies of many of Rubens' works, notably his ceiling paintings in the Jesuit church in Antwerp.
Later, from the 1720s Jacob de Wit began working in Amsterdam, where he received regular commissions, both public and private. He created many ceiling and wall paintings in the Rococo style, in which he used grisaille - gray and white painting, creating the illusion of three-dimensionality, or bas-relief. Some of them can still be seen in their original places in the 21st century.
Jacob de Wit amassed a large art collection during his lifetime, including works by Rubens, Antoni van Dyck, as well as Dutch and Flemish contemporaries and old masters.
Giovanni da Bologna, also known as Jean de Boulogne (French), Giambologna (Italian), Fiammingo (Italian) and Jehan Boulongne (Flemish), was the last significant Italian Renaissance sculptor, with a large workshop producing large and small works in bronze and marble in a late Mannerist style.
Jacob Biltius or Jacobus Biltius was a Dutch still life painter originally from The Hague who worked in various places including The Hague, Amsterdam, Maastricht, Antwerp, Leeuwarden and Bergen op Zoom. He was known for his game still lifes, kitchen still lifes and trompe-l'œil still lifes.
Wallerant Vaillant was a painter of the Dutch Golden Age and one of the first artists to use the mezzotint technique, which he probably helped to develop.
Cornelis Jansens van Keulen or Cornelius Johnson was an English painter of portraits of Dutch or Flemish parentage. He was active in England, from at least 1618 to 1643, when he moved to Middelburg in the Netherlands to escape the English Civil War. Between 1646 and 1652 he lived in Amsterdam, before settling in Utrecht, where he died.