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John Thomas Redmayne was a British surgeon, physician and amateur naturalist.
Redmayne trained as a physician and surgeon in Glasgow, then received his diploma at Guy's Hospital in London and was licensed by the Royal College of Physicians in Edinburgh.
In addition to being a physician, J. Redmayne was an amateur naturalist, he became interested in microscopy and specialized in diatom algae. He is considered one of the most successful microphotographers of the time, and his founding of the Bolton Microscopical Society allowed him to concentrate on the study of diatoms. His microscopic diatom plates were highly respected, particularly for the relative purity of the species. He also mounted histological preparations. Redmayne gave copies of his book to the Quekett Microscopical Club (which he joined in 1876) and the Royal Microscopical Society.