
Watercolor — British and European Art

Eleanor Fortescue-Brickdale was a British Pre-Raphaelite painter, illustrator and stained glass artist.
At the age of 17, she enrolled at Crystal Palace School of Art and was later admitted to the Royal Academy of London and she initially worked with illustration. In 1897, Eleanor won a prize for her painting "Spring", which allowed her to begin work on her first large-scale oil painting, "The Pale Color of True Love". The painting was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1899.
In 1902 Eleanor Fortescue-Brickdale was elected the first female member of the Institute of Oil Painters. She illustrated many books, including Tennyson's Royal Idylls in 1911. She taught at the Byam Shaw School of Art in Kensington. During the First World War, the artist designed posters for government departments and later several commemorative stained glass windows and a memorial in York Cathedral. In 1919 she became a member of the Royal Society of Watercolor Painters.
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Lawrence Alma-Tadema was a Dutch-British artist renowned for his detailed and romanticized portrayals of ancient civilizations, particularly Rome and Egypt. His meticulous attention to historical accuracy and the lavish representation of marble and luxurious settings distinguished his work. Notably, his fascination with ancient cultures was sparked by his honeymoon visit to Italy and Pompeii, influencing his artistic focus for decades.
Lawrence Alma-Tadema's early work, such as "The Education of the Children of Clovis," showcased his interest in historical subjects and established his reputation. This painting, alongside others like "The Sad Father," demonstrates his commitment to historical detail and narrative depth.
After moving to England due to the Franco-Prussian War and personal reasons, Lawrence Alma-Tadema's career flourished. His works, characterized by their bright palette and refined details, resonated with Victorian audiences, earning him considerable fame and financial success. He was knighted in 1899 and continued to be a pivotal figure in Victorian art, influencing peers and future generations alike.
Lawrence Alma-Tadema's legacy experienced a decline posthumously but saw a resurgence in the 1970s. Today, he is celebrated for his contributions to the Neoclassical and Victorian art movements, with his works featured in prominent collections worldwide, including the Getty Museum and the Tate Gallery.
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Henry Holiday was a British historical genre and landscape painter, stained-glass designer, illustrator, and sculptor. He is part of the Pre-Raphaelite school of art.

Albert Goodwin was a British landscapist specialising in watercolours. His work shows the influences of Turner and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.
Goodwin was a prolific artist, producing over 800 works and continuing to paint well into his eighties. His wide variety of landscape subjects reflected his love of travel and show the influence of Turner, with whom he felt a strong affinity. In later works he developed experimental techniques such as using ink over water color to achieve atmospheric lighting effects. His works are also an important record of social history.

Archibald Thorburn was a Scottish artist who specialised in wildlife, painting mostly in watercolour. He regularly visited Scotland to sketch birds in the wild, his favourite haunt being the Forest of Gaick near Kingussie in Invernesshire. His widely reproduced images of British wildlife, with their evocative and dramatic backgrounds, are enjoyed as much today as they were by naturalists a century ago.

Eugène Galien-Laloue was a French artist. He was a populariser of street scenes, usually painted in autumn or winter.
His paintings of the early 1900s accurately represent the era in which he lived: a happy, bustling Paris, la Belle Époque, with horse-drawn carriages, trolley cars and its first omnibuses. Galien-Laloue's works are valued not only for their contribution to 20th-century art, but for the actual history, which they document. His work can be seen at the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Louvier; Musée des Beaux-Arts, La Rochelle; Mulhouse, France.

Giuseppe de Nittis was an Italian painter associated with the Macchiaioli movement, which emerged at the end of the 19th century as a reaction to the traditional academic style of painting.
Giuseppe de Nittis first studied at the Neapolitan Academy of Fine Arts before moving to Paris in 1868, where he was influenced by the Impressionist movement and the work of Édouard Manet and Edgar Degas. He quickly gained recognition for his ability to skilfully convey light and atmosphere in his paintings.
De Nittes' style can be described as a mixture of realism and impressionism. He often depicted city scenes, landscapes and portraits. His work is characterised by a loose brushwork, vivid colours and a strong sense of observation.

Rudolf von Alt was an Austrian watercolorist and landscape painter.
Rudolf studied at the Academy of Art in Vienna, painted architectural landscapes and portraits. In search of interesting views, he traveled extensively throughout Europe, worked for some time in Rome and Naples, visited the lakes of Lombardy, then Galicia, Bohemia, Bavaria. In 1863 Rudolf von Alt came to the Crimea to paint views of the Empress's estate, and in 1867 he traveled to Sicily.
Critics note his masterful command of watercolor, thanks to which the artist very realistically conveys the details of architecture and shades of light. Von Alta's later works reflect the trends of Impressionism.

Eugène Galien-Laloue was a French artist. He was a populariser of street scenes, usually painted in autumn or winter.
His paintings of the early 1900s accurately represent the era in which he lived: a happy, bustling Paris, la Belle Époque, with horse-drawn carriages, trolley cars and its first omnibuses. Galien-Laloue's works are valued not only for their contribution to 20th-century art, but for the actual history, which they document. His work can be seen at the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Louvier; Musée des Beaux-Arts, La Rochelle; Mulhouse, France.

Rudolf von Alt was an Austrian watercolorist and landscape painter.
Rudolf studied at the Academy of Art in Vienna, painted architectural landscapes and portraits. In search of interesting views, he traveled extensively throughout Europe, worked for some time in Rome and Naples, visited the lakes of Lombardy, then Galicia, Bohemia, Bavaria. In 1863 Rudolf von Alt came to the Crimea to paint views of the Empress's estate, and in 1867 he traveled to Sicily.
Critics note his masterful command of watercolor, thanks to which the artist very realistically conveys the details of architecture and shades of light. Von Alta's later works reflect the trends of Impressionism.