Pre-Raphaelites

The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, an English art movement of the 19th century, was founded in 1848 by William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais, and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. This group, later simply known as the Pre-Raphaelites, sought to revolutionize the art world by rejecting the mechanistic approach of Mannerist artists like Raphael and Michelangelo. They aimed to return to the abundant detail, intense colors, and complex compositions characteristic of Quattrocento Italian art​​.

The Pre-Raphaelites were distinguished for their luminous, almost two-dimensional use of color and simple line, contrasting sharply with the popular chiaroscuro technique of the time. They often employed the “wet-white-ground technique,” painting over a layer of wet white paint to achieve their unique coloring​​.

Notable works from the Pre-Raphaelites include Dante Gabriel Rossetti's "Ecce Ancilla Domini! (The Annunciation)," John Everett Millais' "Ophelia," and William Holman Hunt's "Our English Coasts (Strayed Sheep)" and "The Awakening Conscience." These works are housed in the Tate, United Kingdom. Each piece is emblematic of the movement's commitment to detailed naturalism, and they often imbued their art with moral or social symbolism​​.

The movement was also known for its representation of women, moving away from the stereotypical depictions of the time. The women in Pre-Raphaelite art were portrayed in a more realistic and emotive manner, often depicted in scenes that challenged Victorian norms​​.

The Pre-Raphaelites' influence extended beyond painting, as they sought a reform in the artistic establishment of Victorian England. Their ideals resonated with other artists of the time and continued to influence subsequent art movements​​.

For collectors, auctioneers, and experts in art and antiques, the works of the Pre-Raphaelites represent a significant chapter in the history of English art, known for their unique style and profound influence on the art world.

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