John Dalton (1766 - 1844)

John Dalton

John Dalton was a British scientist, chemist and physicist, naturalist, and pioneer in the development of modern atomic theory.

In the 1800s, he was the first scientist to explain the behavior of atoms in terms of weight measurements. Some of the tenets of Dalton's atomic theory proved to be false, but most of the conclusions remain valid to this day.

Problems with his own eyesight led Dalton to research and describe the visual defect he himself suffered from in 1794 - color blindness, later named color blindness in his honor.