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Ernst Heinrich Barlach was a German expressionist sculptor, medallist, printmaker and writer. Although he was a supporter of the war in the years leading to World War I, his participation in the war made him change his position, and he is mostly known for his sculptures protesting against the war. This created many conflicts during the rise of the Nazi Party, when most of his works were confiscated as degenerate art. Stylistically, his literary and artistic work would fall between the categories of twentieth-century Realism and Expressionism.
Marc Louis Benjamin Vautier, called the Elder, or simply Benjamin Vautier, was a Swiss painter and representative of the anecdotal narrative genre painting of the Düsseldorf School. He settled in Düsseldorf, where he became one of the masters of the local school of genre painting. He is the father of the artist Otto Vautier and great-grandfather of the artist BEN (Benjamin Vautier).
