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Daniel Hopfer the Elder was a German artist who is widely believed to have been the first to use etching in printmaking, at the end of the fifteenth century. He also worked in woodcut. Although his etchings were widely ignored by art historians for years, more recent scholarship is crediting him and his work with "single-handedly establishing the salability of etchings" and introducing the print publisher business model.
Unlike most later prints, etched on copper plates, Hopfer's printed etching continued to use the iron plates he was used to working with in steel plate armour, the material he was trained in, and with which he continued to work.
Hans Sebald Beham was a German painter and printmaker, mainly known for his very small engravings.
Salvator Rosa was a seventeenth-century Italian Baroque painter. He is also known as an engraver, poet and actor.
Salvator Rosa left a very diverse artistic heritage. He was interested in historical, religious, mythological and fantastic subjects, he painted landscapes, battle scenes, portraits, still lifes. Having joined the naturalists of the Neapolitan school of painting, Rosa, however, showed originality in his treatment of subjects. For example, in his paintings on historical themes he combined realistic images with fantastical composition.
The biography of Rosa himself, full of adventures, subsequently became the subject of legends, books, paintings and musical works.
Works of Salvator Rosa today are represented in many museums and private collections in Europe and Russia.
Ferdinand Staeger was a Czech-born German symbolist painter and graphic artist, illustrator and fabric designer.
Staeger studied at the School of Technical Design in Brno and then the School of Applied Arts in Prague, from 1908 he lived in Munich and collaborated with the magazine Jugend. He was a participant in the First World War, his war drawings are characterized by humanity. After the war he illustrated books by Gerhard Hauptmann, Josef von Eichendorff, Eduard Mörike and Adalbert Stifter with great success.
During the Third Reich, Staeger collaborated with the authorities by painting several propaganda pictures, for which he was awarded the title of professor. In 1943 he lost his home in Munich to Allied bombs and many works were lost.
After World War II, he painted in an impressionist style, creating paintings of mythical, mystical, symbolic and religious themes. Many works belong to the genre of "magic realism". Staeger is also known as a tapestry designer, master of etching and ex-libris, and was a member of the Association of German Artists. His wife Sidonie Springer (1878-1937) was also a painter and graphic artist.
Hans Thoma was a German painter.
In spite of his studies under various masters, his art has little in common with modern ideas, and is formed partly by his early impressions of the simple idyllic life of his native district, partly by his sympathy with the early German masters, particularly with Albrecht Altdorfer and Lucas Cranach the Elder. In his love of the details of nature, in his precise drawing of outline, and in his predilection for local coloring, he has distinct affinities with the Pre-Raphaelites.
