austria, vienna
Nikolaus von Jacquin, full name Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin, also Baron Nikolaus von Jacquin, was an Austrian and Dutch scientist, professor of chemistry and botany, and director of the Vienna Botanical Garden.
Jacquin is considered a pioneer of scientific botany in Austria. He wrote fundamental works in botany, was the first to describe many plants, fungi, and animals, introduced experimental methods in chemistry, and successfully campaigned for the introduction of Linnaeus' system of plants in Austria. On behalf of Emperor Franz I, von Jacquin was in charge of the imperial gardens (including Schoenbrunn) and also led a scientific expedition to Central America from 1754 to 1759, from which he returned with an extensive collection of plants.
In 1768, Nikolaus von Jacquin was appointed professor of botany and chemistry at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Vienna and director of the newly founded botanical garden, which he reorganized according to scientific principles. Nikolaus von Jacquin was a member of the Royal Society of London, a foreign honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, and a correspondent of the Paris Academy of Sciences.
Rudolf von Alt was an Austrian watercolorist and landscape painter.
Rudolf studied at the Academy of Art in Vienna, painted architectural landscapes and portraits. In search of interesting views, he traveled extensively throughout Europe, worked for some time in Rome and Naples, visited the lakes of Lombardy, then Galicia, Bohemia, Bavaria. In 1863 Rudolf von Alt came to the Crimea to paint views of the Empress's estate, and in 1867 he traveled to Sicily.
Critics note his masterful command of watercolor, thanks to which the artist very realistically conveys the details of architecture and shades of light. Von Alta's later works reflect the trends of Impressionism.
Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller was an Austrian painter and writer. Waldmüller was one of the most important Austrian painters of the Biedermeier period.
Johann Wilhelm Baur, Joan Guiliam Bouwer or Bauer, was a German engraver, etcher and miniature painter of the Baroque period. He is famous for a series of illustrations of Ovid's Metamorphoses.
Hans De Jode was a Dutch marine painter of the Golden Age.
The theme of his work is related to the sea: he painted harbor scenes, bathers in bays, ships on a wharf, and Italian landscapes. The artist mainly lived and worked in Venice and Vienna.
