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Jean-Léon Gérôme was a prominent 19th-century French painter, a representative of the academic school of painting. His paintings are notable for their impeccable composition and exquisite colour palette.
Jean-Léon Gérôme did not accept the work of the Impressionists, whom he considered to be the ignominy of French art. This has earned him a controversial reputation as a fierce supporter of academism and a persecutor of new movements.
Jean-Joseph Crotti was a Swiss and French graphic artist and avant-garde painter.
Crotti studied at the Munich School of Applied Arts, then at the Académie Julian in Paris. He went from Impressionism to Fauvism, then he became interested in Art Nouveau, Cubism and finally Dadaism. With the outbreak of World War I, Crotti left New York, where he formed close friendships with Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia. In 1916, he returned to France. In the late 1930s, Crotti began using a new technique in glass painting called Gemmail.
Jean-Honoré Fragonard, a prominent French Rococo painter, left an indelible mark on the art world with his vivacious and hedonistic approach to painting. Born in Grasse, France, in 1732, Fragonard's journey into the art world was marked by his early apprenticeship under François Boucher, whose influence is evident in the young artist's work. Fragonard's talent and skill were recognized early on when he won the prestigious Prix de Rome in 1752, which allowed him to study at the French Academy in Rome.
Jean-Honoré Fragonard's work is characterized by a remarkable facility, exuberance, and a penchant for themes of love and voluptuousness that resonated with the opulent and pleasure-seeking milieu of Louis XV's court. His paintings, such as "The Swing" (Wallace Collection), "Blind Man's Bluff," and "The Bolt," are celebrated for their tender beauty, vibrant color, and the virtuosity of his brushwork. These works encapsulate the essence of Rococo art with their playful themes, intricate compositions, and luminous palette.
Despite the initial success and the king's patronage, which saw his piece "Coresus et Callirhoe" being bought and reproduced at the Gobelins factory, Jean-Honoré Fragonard's career took a turn as the French Revolution upended the social order and the artist's private patrons were guillotined or exiled. This period forced Fragonard to leave Paris, seeking refuge in Grasse. He returned to the capital in the early 19th century, where he died in 1806, almost forgotten. It wasn't until the late 19th and early 20th centuries that Fragonard's work was re-evaluated, cementing his position among the masters of French painting. His influence on the Impressionists, particularly Renoir and his grandniece Berthe Morisot, is undeniable, showcasing his lasting impact on the trajectory of art history.
For collectors and experts in art and antiques, Jean-Honoré Fragonard's oeuvre represents the pinnacle of Rococo art, offering a glimpse into the opulent and sensuous world of 18th-century France. His paintings are not just artistic achievements but are also historical documents that reflect the cultural and social dynamics of his time.
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Jean-François Millet was a French artist and one of the founders of the Barbizon school in rural France. Millet is noted for his paintings of peasant farmers and can be categorized as part of the Realism art movement. Toward the end of his career, he became increasingly interested in painting pure landscapes. He is known best for his oil paintings but is also noted for his pastels, conte crayon drawings, and etchings.
Jean Prouvé was a French metal worker, self-taught architect and designer. Le Corbusier designated Prouvé a constructeur, blending architecture and engineering. Prouvé's main achievement was transferring manufacturing technology from industry to architecture, without losing aesthetic qualities. His design skills were not limited to one discipline. During his career Jean Prouvé was involved in architectural design, industrial design, structural design and furniture design.
Jean Prouvé was a French metal worker, self-taught architect and designer. Le Corbusier designated Prouvé a constructeur, blending architecture and engineering. Prouvé's main achievement was transferring manufacturing technology from industry to architecture, without losing aesthetic qualities. His design skills were not limited to one discipline. During his career Jean Prouvé was involved in architectural design, industrial design, structural design and furniture design.
Jean Maurice Eugène Clément Cocteau was a French poet, playwright, novelist, designer, filmmaker, visual artist and critic. He was one of the foremost creatives of the surrealist, avant-garde, and Dadaist movements; and one of the most influential figures in early 20th-century art as a whole. The National Observer suggested that, “of the artistic generation whose daring gave birth to Twentieth Century Art, Cocteau came closest to being a Renaissance man.”
Jean Prouvé was a French metal worker, self-taught architect and designer. Le Corbusier designated Prouvé a constructeur, blending architecture and engineering. Prouvé's main achievement was transferring manufacturing technology from industry to architecture, without losing aesthetic qualities. His design skills were not limited to one discipline. During his career Jean Prouvé was involved in architectural design, industrial design, structural design and furniture design.
Jean-René Nadal Senior was the eldest son of seating furniture manufacturer Jean Nadal and the daughter of his colleague Jean Cresson. He is also the brother of Jean-Michel Nadal, who himself was a furniture maker. Nadal owned a workshop on the Rue de Cléry, probably inherited after his father's death, and opened a shop on the same street called "Lion d'Argent".
Voltaire, born François Marie Arouet, was a French philosopher-enlightener of the French Enlightenment, poet and writer, satirist, tragedian, historian and essayist.
Voltaire's long life fell on the last years of classicism and the eve of the revolutionary era, and in this transitional period his works and activities had a significant impact on the direction of European civilization. Through his critical freethinking and wit, Voltaire won the minds of many 18th century European rulers. To this day, he continues to enjoy worldwide fame as a courageous fighter against tyranny, bigotry, and cruelty.
Voltaire was an advocate of freedom of speech, freedom of religion and separation of church and state. He was a versatile and prolific writer in all literary forms, including plays, poems, novels, essays, histories, and scholarly expositions. In total, he wrote more than 20,000 letters and 2,000 books and pamphlets. Voltaire's most famous works are the tragic play Zaire, the historical study The Age of Louis XIV, and the satirical novella Candide.
![LA FONTAINE, Jean de (1621-1695) - Contes et nouvelles en vers. Amsterdam: [s.e.], 1764.](/assets/image/picture_1242086/25768/gncxznakrlkyihha8li2pvjaqzjxc4jfva-vxuuydxwmgjqmunlesyjzqnomhbn1608650265jpg__fix_374_244.jpeg)
![LA FONTAINE, Jean de (1621-1695) - Contes et nouvelles en vers. Amsterdam: [s.e.], 1764.](https://veryimportantlot.com/assets/image/picture_1242086/25768/gncxznakrlkyihha8li2pvjaqzjxc4jfva-vxuuydxwmgjqmunlesyjzqnomhbn1608650265jpg__fix_374_244.jpeg)
![CHRESTIEN, Florent (1541-1596) [- OPPIEN d'Apamée]. Les Quatres Livres de la Venerie d’Oppian poète grec d’Anazarbe. Par Florent Chrestien. Paris : de l’imprimerie de Robert Estienne, par Mamert Patisson, 1575.](/assets/image/picture_1321007/a66f3/a4325c83342f9aaef9e4812d70cb1fa41616454000jpg__fix_374_244.jpeg)
![CHRESTIEN, Florent (1541-1596) [- OPPIEN d'Apamée]. Les Quatres Livres de la Venerie d’Oppian poète grec d’Anazarbe. Par Florent Chrestien. Paris : de l’imprimerie de Robert Estienne, par Mamert Patisson, 1575.](https://veryimportantlot.com/assets/image/picture_1321007/a66f3/a4325c83342f9aaef9e4812d70cb1fa41616454000jpg__fix_374_244.jpeg)
Jean Tinguely, a Swiss sculptor born in Fribourg, Switzerland, in 1925, carved a unique niche in art history with his kinetic sculptures, integrating movement and self-destruction into his works. Notably, his pieces extend the Dada tradition into the latter part of the 20th century, satirizing automation and the technological overproduction of material goods. Tinguely's innovative approach is exemplified in his Metamatic drawing machines, allowing viewers to create abstract images automatically, and his spectacular self-destroying sculpture "Homage to New York" at MoMA in 1960, showcasing his flair for blending performance and art.
His artistry evolved through collaboration with other artists, including his wife Niki de Saint Phalle, leading to vibrant, large-scale projects like the colorful "Stravinsky Fountain" near the Centre Pompidou in Paris. Tinguely's works, characterized by their use of scrap metal and mechanical parts, not only challenge the conventional boundaries of art but also engage with themes of destruction, renewal, and the intersection of art and life. His significant contributions to kinetic art and his involvement with the Nouveau Réalisme group highlight his pioneering role in post-war European art.
Tinguely's legacy is preserved in the Museum Tinguely in Basel, dedicated to his life and work, ensuring his innovative spirit continues to inspire. His works, such as "Méta-Harmonie" and the "Carnival Fountain" in Basel, remain influential, blending artistic exploration with mechanical invention.
For art collectors and experts, Tinguely's creations represent not only significant artistic achievements but also compelling investments, as his works continue to command high prices at auctions, reflecting their enduring appeal and historical importance.
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Christo & Jeanne-Claude are an art duo, the married couple Christo Vladimirov Javacheff (1935-2020) and Jeanne-Claude Denat de Guillebon (1935-2009), an iconic pair of innovative land-art artists. They are known for their large-scale installations: they are packing great historical landmarks, working with huge spaces and monumental natural objects. Their projects are distinguished by what they call "Americanism" in Europe - that is, something grandiose and large-scale. Christo and Jeanne-Claude's work is in many major public collections.
Christo & Jeanne-Claude are an art duo, the married couple Christo Vladimirov Javacheff (1935-2020) and Jeanne-Claude Denat de Guillebon (1935-2009), an iconic pair of innovative land-art artists. They are known for their large-scale installations: they are packing great historical landmarks, working with huge spaces and monumental natural objects. Their projects are distinguished by what they call "Americanism" in Europe - that is, something grandiose and large-scale. Christo and Jeanne-Claude's work is in many major public collections.