最高人民法院公报案例2005年第10期

Piero Dorazio was an Italian painter. His work was related to color field painting, lyrical abstraction and other forms of abstract art.


Otto Herbert Hajek was a German abstractionist painter, graphic artist and sculptor.


Armand Pierre Fernandez, widely known by his mononym Arman, was a French-born American artist celebrated for his innovative contributions to the Nouveau Réalisme movement and his radical use of everyday objects in art. Born in Nice, France, on November 17, 1928, Arman's early exposure to art came from his father, an antiques dealer and amateur artist, which deeply influenced his later artistic endeavors.
Arman moved beyond traditional painting techniques early in his career, instead creating his signature "Accumulations" and "Poubelles" (trash) sculptures. These works involved assembling and compacting everyday items like watches, clocks, and even automobiles, embedding these objects in layers of concrete or encasing them in Plexiglas. One of his most notable large-scale works is "Long Term Parking," a 60-foot high sculpture made of concrete-encased cars, situated in Jouy-en-Josas, France.
His work is an essential bridge between European and American trends in Pop art and has been widely exhibited in major institutions like the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Tate Gallery in London, and the Centre Pompidou in Paris. Arman's innovative techniques and philosophical approach to materials challenged conventional categorizations of art and inspired future generations of artists.
For collectors and enthusiasts interested in staying updated on exhibitions and sales related to Arman's work, signing up for updates can provide essential insights and opportunities related to this influential artist. Join our community to ensure you don't miss out on new discoveries and auction events associated with Arman's legacy.


Pietro Consagra was an Italian sculptor and one of the leading figures in the post-war Italian art movement known as Arte Informale or Forma 1.
Pietro Consagra's early work was influenced by traditional figurative sculpture, but he soon became fascinated by the abstract art movement. He rejected the idea of creating sculptures that imitated reality and instead focused on exploring the relationship between form, space and the viewer's perception.
Consagra's sculptures often feature simplified geometric forms, emphasising clean lines and solid volumes. His works are characterised by a sense of balance, harmony and spatial tension.


Armand Pierre Fernandez, widely known by his mononym Arman, was a French-born American artist celebrated for his innovative contributions to the Nouveau Réalisme movement and his radical use of everyday objects in art. Born in Nice, France, on November 17, 1928, Arman's early exposure to art came from his father, an antiques dealer and amateur artist, which deeply influenced his later artistic endeavors.
Arman moved beyond traditional painting techniques early in his career, instead creating his signature "Accumulations" and "Poubelles" (trash) sculptures. These works involved assembling and compacting everyday items like watches, clocks, and even automobiles, embedding these objects in layers of concrete or encasing them in Plexiglas. One of his most notable large-scale works is "Long Term Parking," a 60-foot high sculpture made of concrete-encased cars, situated in Jouy-en-Josas, France.
His work is an essential bridge between European and American trends in Pop art and has been widely exhibited in major institutions like the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Tate Gallery in London, and the Centre Pompidou in Paris. Arman's innovative techniques and philosophical approach to materials challenged conventional categorizations of art and inspired future generations of artists.
For collectors and enthusiasts interested in staying updated on exhibitions and sales related to Arman's work, signing up for updates can provide essential insights and opportunities related to this influential artist. Join our community to ensure you don't miss out on new discoveries and auction events associated with Arman's legacy.


Eduardo Paolozzi was a Scottish artist renowned for his pioneering contributions to the Pop Art movement. His work, characterized by an amalgamation of popular culture references and technological imagery, played a significant role in shaping the visual arts landscape of the 20th century. Eduardo Paolozzi's graphic works, particularly from the 1960s, broke new ground in the silkscreen medium, with notable series such as "As Is When" and "Moonstrips Empire News" showcasing his innovative approach to art that combines elements of science, technology, and pop culture.
After a transformative period in Paris, where he interacted with key figures of the Surrealist movement, Eduardo Paolozzi returned to the UK, where he became a central figure in the formation of the Independent Group. This collective was instrumental in the development of British Pop Art, with Paolozzi's early collages, especially "I Was a Rich Man's Plaything," marking a seminal moment in the genre's emergence.
His artistic ventures were not confined to printmaking and collage; Eduardo Paolozzi's sculptures and mosaic murals, such as those for Tottenham Court Road tube station in London, also garnered acclaim for their intricate detail and thematic complexity. The artist's influence extended into his academic roles, where he nurtured future generations of artists.
Eduardo Paolozzi's legacy is preserved through extensive collections and exhibitions, such as at the National Galleries of Scotland, which holds a significant number of his works. This includes a recreation of his studio, providing insight into his creative process and the diverse influences that shaped his art.
For enthusiasts and collectors keen on delving deeper into Eduardo Paolozzi's world, signing up for updates can offer exclusive access to sales and auction events related to his works. This ensures that aficionados stay informed about opportunities to engage with the art and legacy of this influential figure.


Antoni Clavé was a Catalan master painter, printmaker, sculptor, stage designer and costume designer. He was nominated for two Academy Awards (Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design) for his work on the 1952 film Hans Christian Andersen.
Clavé was one of Spain's best known and most celebrated artists. His work evolved from a baroque, ornamental style to a pure, minimal aesthetic. In his later years, his work is completely abstract, employing expressive lines and exploring the boundaries of collage, objet trove, shading, texture and color. He was trained at the School of Fine Arts, Barcelona, where he was taught by Angel Ferrant and Felix Mestres. With his works being influenced by artists such as Bonnard, Vuillard and Roualt. He is best known for his lyrical abstractions, works which combine paint with collage.


Armand Pierre Fernandez, widely known by his mononym Arman, was a French-born American artist celebrated for his innovative contributions to the Nouveau Réalisme movement and his radical use of everyday objects in art. Born in Nice, France, on November 17, 1928, Arman's early exposure to art came from his father, an antiques dealer and amateur artist, which deeply influenced his later artistic endeavors.
Arman moved beyond traditional painting techniques early in his career, instead creating his signature "Accumulations" and "Poubelles" (trash) sculptures. These works involved assembling and compacting everyday items like watches, clocks, and even automobiles, embedding these objects in layers of concrete or encasing them in Plexiglas. One of his most notable large-scale works is "Long Term Parking," a 60-foot high sculpture made of concrete-encased cars, situated in Jouy-en-Josas, France.
His work is an essential bridge between European and American trends in Pop art and has been widely exhibited in major institutions like the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Tate Gallery in London, and the Centre Pompidou in Paris. Arman's innovative techniques and philosophical approach to materials challenged conventional categorizations of art and inspired future generations of artists.
For collectors and enthusiasts interested in staying updated on exhibitions and sales related to Arman's work, signing up for updates can provide essential insights and opportunities related to this influential artist. Join our community to ensure you don't miss out on new discoveries and auction events associated with Arman's legacy.


Patrick Caulfield was an English painter and printmaker renowned for his distinct approach to art, which often combined elements of photorealism within simplified scenes. Born in London in 1936, Caulfield's artistic journey led him to become a significant figure associated with the British Pop Art movement, though he personally refuted this label, aligning more closely with early European Modernist traditions. His works are celebrated for their bold canvases, characterized by sleek lines, bold colors, and an intriguing blend of the real and the abstract, held in esteemed collections worldwide, including those of Charles Saatchi and David Bowie.
Caulfield's art is recognized for its innovative use of light, space, and color, creating a unique narrative that transcends the conventional boundaries of painting. Noteworthy pieces like "Pony" (1964) and "After Lunch" (1975) exemplify his skill in blending painting styles, creating "pictures within pictures" that challenge viewers' perceptions of space and reality. Caulfield's interiors, such as "Dining Recess" (1972) and "Tandoori Restaurant" (1971), convey a sense of melancholy and loneliness through their depiction of everyday spaces devoid of human presence, making his work profoundly resonant.
Throughout his career, Caulfield received several commissions, contributing to public spaces and collections across the globe. His art has been exhibited in numerous solo exhibitions, including at Tate Britain and the Royal Academy in London, underscoring his influence and importance in the art world.
For art collectors and experts, Patrick Caulfield's work offers a unique perspective on the everyday, merging the abstract with the real in ways that continue to captivate and intrigue. To stay updated on sales and auction events related to Patrick Caulfield's art, signing up for updates is highly recommended, ensuring access to the latest offerings and insights into his enduring legacy.


Armand Pierre Fernandez, widely known by his mononym Arman, was a French-born American artist celebrated for his innovative contributions to the Nouveau Réalisme movement and his radical use of everyday objects in art. Born in Nice, France, on November 17, 1928, Arman's early exposure to art came from his father, an antiques dealer and amateur artist, which deeply influenced his later artistic endeavors.
Arman moved beyond traditional painting techniques early in his career, instead creating his signature "Accumulations" and "Poubelles" (trash) sculptures. These works involved assembling and compacting everyday items like watches, clocks, and even automobiles, embedding these objects in layers of concrete or encasing them in Plexiglas. One of his most notable large-scale works is "Long Term Parking," a 60-foot high sculpture made of concrete-encased cars, situated in Jouy-en-Josas, France.
His work is an essential bridge between European and American trends in Pop art and has been widely exhibited in major institutions like the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Tate Gallery in London, and the Centre Pompidou in Paris. Arman's innovative techniques and philosophical approach to materials challenged conventional categorizations of art and inspired future generations of artists.
For collectors and enthusiasts interested in staying updated on exhibitions and sales related to Arman's work, signing up for updates can provide essential insights and opportunities related to this influential artist. Join our community to ensure you don't miss out on new discoveries and auction events associated with Arman's legacy.


Eduardo Paolozzi was a Scottish artist renowned for his pioneering contributions to the Pop Art movement. His work, characterized by an amalgamation of popular culture references and technological imagery, played a significant role in shaping the visual arts landscape of the 20th century. Eduardo Paolozzi's graphic works, particularly from the 1960s, broke new ground in the silkscreen medium, with notable series such as "As Is When" and "Moonstrips Empire News" showcasing his innovative approach to art that combines elements of science, technology, and pop culture.
After a transformative period in Paris, where he interacted with key figures of the Surrealist movement, Eduardo Paolozzi returned to the UK, where he became a central figure in the formation of the Independent Group. This collective was instrumental in the development of British Pop Art, with Paolozzi's early collages, especially "I Was a Rich Man's Plaything," marking a seminal moment in the genre's emergence.
His artistic ventures were not confined to printmaking and collage; Eduardo Paolozzi's sculptures and mosaic murals, such as those for Tottenham Court Road tube station in London, also garnered acclaim for their intricate detail and thematic complexity. The artist's influence extended into his academic roles, where he nurtured future generations of artists.
Eduardo Paolozzi's legacy is preserved through extensive collections and exhibitions, such as at the National Galleries of Scotland, which holds a significant number of his works. This includes a recreation of his studio, providing insight into his creative process and the diverse influences that shaped his art.
For enthusiasts and collectors keen on delving deeper into Eduardo Paolozzi's world, signing up for updates can offer exclusive access to sales and auction events related to his works. This ensures that aficionados stay informed about opportunities to engage with the art and legacy of this influential figure.


Armand Pierre Fernandez, widely known by his mononym Arman, was a French-born American artist celebrated for his innovative contributions to the Nouveau Réalisme movement and his radical use of everyday objects in art. Born in Nice, France, on November 17, 1928, Arman's early exposure to art came from his father, an antiques dealer and amateur artist, which deeply influenced his later artistic endeavors.
Arman moved beyond traditional painting techniques early in his career, instead creating his signature "Accumulations" and "Poubelles" (trash) sculptures. These works involved assembling and compacting everyday items like watches, clocks, and even automobiles, embedding these objects in layers of concrete or encasing them in Plexiglas. One of his most notable large-scale works is "Long Term Parking," a 60-foot high sculpture made of concrete-encased cars, situated in Jouy-en-Josas, France.
His work is an essential bridge between European and American trends in Pop art and has been widely exhibited in major institutions like the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Tate Gallery in London, and the Centre Pompidou in Paris. Arman's innovative techniques and philosophical approach to materials challenged conventional categorizations of art and inspired future generations of artists.
For collectors and enthusiasts interested in staying updated on exhibitions and sales related to Arman's work, signing up for updates can provide essential insights and opportunities related to this influential artist. Join our community to ensure you don't miss out on new discoveries and auction events associated with Arman's legacy.


Eduardo Paolozzi was a Scottish artist renowned for his pioneering contributions to the Pop Art movement. His work, characterized by an amalgamation of popular culture references and technological imagery, played a significant role in shaping the visual arts landscape of the 20th century. Eduardo Paolozzi's graphic works, particularly from the 1960s, broke new ground in the silkscreen medium, with notable series such as "As Is When" and "Moonstrips Empire News" showcasing his innovative approach to art that combines elements of science, technology, and pop culture.
After a transformative period in Paris, where he interacted with key figures of the Surrealist movement, Eduardo Paolozzi returned to the UK, where he became a central figure in the formation of the Independent Group. This collective was instrumental in the development of British Pop Art, with Paolozzi's early collages, especially "I Was a Rich Man's Plaything," marking a seminal moment in the genre's emergence.
His artistic ventures were not confined to printmaking and collage; Eduardo Paolozzi's sculptures and mosaic murals, such as those for Tottenham Court Road tube station in London, also garnered acclaim for their intricate detail and thematic complexity. The artist's influence extended into his academic roles, where he nurtured future generations of artists.
Eduardo Paolozzi's legacy is preserved through extensive collections and exhibitions, such as at the National Galleries of Scotland, which holds a significant number of his works. This includes a recreation of his studio, providing insight into his creative process and the diverse influences that shaped his art.
For enthusiasts and collectors keen on delving deeper into Eduardo Paolozzi's world, signing up for updates can offer exclusive access to sales and auction events related to his works. This ensures that aficionados stay informed about opportunities to engage with the art and legacy of this influential figure.


Jesús Rafael García Soto was a Venezuelan artist, renowned for his pioneering work in kinetic and op art, which sought to create an immersive experience that blurred the lines between the artwork and the viewer. Born in 1923, Soto embarked on a journey that would see him at the forefront of a movement that emphasized the visual dynamics of art, integrating sculpture, painting, and viewer participation in novel ways. His exploration of geometric abstraction and optical effects led to the development of his distinctive style, characterized by the use of materials such as plexiglass to create engaging optical illusions and vibrant, moving sculptures.
Soto's journey into the realms of kinetic art was marked by significant milestones, including his participation in the groundbreaking 1955 exhibition, Le Mouvement, at the Denise René gallery in Paris. This event was instrumental in defining the kinetic art movement, with Soto alongside artists like Yaacov Agam, Marcel Duchamp, and Victor Vasarely, presenting works that invited viewers to experience art in a dynamic, interactive manner. His quest for a new visual language led him to experiment with the dematerialization of form, creating artworks that seemed to dissolve into their surroundings, thereby challenging the viewer's perceptions of space and form.
Throughout his career, Soto remained dedicated to exploring the intrinsic relationships between space, movement, and viewer perception. His creations, ranging from the "Penetrables" series—immersive environments made of hanging strands that visitors could walk through—to large-scale murals and public sculptures, have been celebrated worldwide. His works are part of major collections and have been exhibited extensively, including at institutions such as the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Tate Gallery in London, demonstrating his lasting influence on contemporary art.
For art collectors and enthusiasts intrigued by the fusion of art and motion, Jesús Rafael García Soto's work offers a profound exploration of the kinetic art movement's possibilities. His contributions to art are not just visual spectacles but invitations to engage directly with the kinetic energy and vibrancy of the world.
To stay updated on exhibitions and sales featuring Jesús Rafael García Soto's work, sign up for updates. This subscription ensures you're informed about new product sales and auction events related to this visionary artist, offering unique opportunities to experience the dynamism of kinetic art firsthand.


Eduardo Paolozzi was a Scottish artist renowned for his pioneering contributions to the Pop Art movement. His work, characterized by an amalgamation of popular culture references and technological imagery, played a significant role in shaping the visual arts landscape of the 20th century. Eduardo Paolozzi's graphic works, particularly from the 1960s, broke new ground in the silkscreen medium, with notable series such as "As Is When" and "Moonstrips Empire News" showcasing his innovative approach to art that combines elements of science, technology, and pop culture.
After a transformative period in Paris, where he interacted with key figures of the Surrealist movement, Eduardo Paolozzi returned to the UK, where he became a central figure in the formation of the Independent Group. This collective was instrumental in the development of British Pop Art, with Paolozzi's early collages, especially "I Was a Rich Man's Plaything," marking a seminal moment in the genre's emergence.
His artistic ventures were not confined to printmaking and collage; Eduardo Paolozzi's sculptures and mosaic murals, such as those for Tottenham Court Road tube station in London, also garnered acclaim for their intricate detail and thematic complexity. The artist's influence extended into his academic roles, where he nurtured future generations of artists.
Eduardo Paolozzi's legacy is preserved through extensive collections and exhibitions, such as at the National Galleries of Scotland, which holds a significant number of his works. This includes a recreation of his studio, providing insight into his creative process and the diverse influences that shaped his art.
For enthusiasts and collectors keen on delving deeper into Eduardo Paolozzi's world, signing up for updates can offer exclusive access to sales and auction events related to his works. This ensures that aficionados stay informed about opportunities to engage with the art and legacy of this influential figure.




Jakob Kolding is a Danish and German artist and stage designer.
He graduated from the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts and lives and works in Berlin, Germany.
Using sources ranging from historical canons of fine art, literature and theater to pop music, hip-hop, science fiction, urban imagery and contemporary culture, Kolding has created his own visual vocabulary in the collage technique. Building layer upon layer, he brings to life a world as complex as it is aesthetically beautiful. And Kolding's scenography transforms into three-dimensional collages, expanding throughout the space in which they inhabit, creating an entire world.
