landscape impressionism
Oswald Achenbach was a German painter associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. Though little known today, during his lifetime he was counted among the most important landscape painters of Europe. Through his teaching activities, he influenced the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. His brother, Andreas Achenbach, who was twelve years older, was also among the most important German landscape painters of the 19th century. The two brothers were humorously called "the A and O of Landscapes" (a reference to their initials matching a common German reference to the Alpha and Omega).
Andreas Schelfhout was a distinguished Dutch painter, etcher, and lithographer, celebrated for his exquisite landscape paintings. Born and based in The Hague, Schelfhout initially trained as a gilder and framemaker before apprenticing to a decorative painter between 1811 and 1814. This period marked the beginning of his journey into landscape painting, with his works being exhibited from 1815 onwards. Andreas Schelfhout's artistry is deeply rooted in the Romantic movement, with his Dutch winter scenes and frozen canals featuring skaters becoming particularly renowned during his lifetime. These works, showcasing a meticulous attention to detail and atmospheric quality, cemented his status as one of the most influential landscape artists of the 19th century.
A notable aspect of Andreas Schelfhout's career was his impact on other artists. He provided training to many painters who would later gain fame in their own right, such as Johan Jongkind, a forerunner of the Impressionists, and Charles Leickert. His advocacy for the use of watercolour in en plein air sketching significantly influenced his students and contemporaries, particularly enhancing the techniques of Jongkind, Jan Hendrik Weissenbruch, and Willem Roelofs.
Andreas Schelfhout's legacy is not only reflected in his influential teaching but also in the breadth of his creations. His works include not just winter scenes but also seascapes and landscapes depicting various aspects of Dutch scenery. His paintings often evoke a nostalgic longing for the past, a characteristic trait of the Romantic style, with elements like the ruins of castles or chapels adding a historical dimension to the landscapes.
Several of Andreas Schelfhout's masterpieces are displayed in prominent museums and galleries, evidencing his significant contribution to the art world. His works can be found in the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, the Museum Boymans-van Beuningen in Rotterdam, the Dordrechts Museum in Dordrecht, the Teylers Museum in Haarlem, and the National Gallery in London, among others.
Andreas Schelfhout was not just an artist; he was a pivotal figure in the Dutch Romantic landscape painting scene. His influence extended beyond his own works to shape the styles and techniques of future generations of artists. For collectors and experts in art and antiques, Schelfhout's works represent a significant era in art history, embodying the essence of Romanticism in Dutch landscape painting.
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Camille Pissarro, a Danish-French artist, was a linchpin of the Impressionist and Neo-Impressionist movements. Born in 1830 on the island of St. Thomas, Pissarro's Jewish-Portuguese heritage and upbringing in the Danish West Indies infused his work with a unique perspective. He is celebrated for his depictions of rural and urban French life, particularly his landscapes that eschew artifice, highlighting the simple beauty of the natural world and the dignity of common people.
Pissarro's influence on the art world was profound. Not only was he a central figure in the Impressionist movement, helping to organize the collective's exhibitions, but he also mentored future Post-Impressionist masters like Cézanne, Gauguin, and van Gogh. His colleagues revered him for his wisdom, balance, and warmhearted nature. Pissarro's dedication to the Impressionist ethos was unparalleled; he was the only artist to exhibit in all eight Paris Impressionist exhibitions from 1874 to 1886.
Among his notable works, Pissarro's 'Hay Harvest at Eragny' (1887) exemplifies his shift towards Neo-Impressionism. This piece, housed at the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, showcases his exploration of tonal values and pointillism. Another poignant work, 'Jeanne Holding a Fan', captures the fragile beauty of his young daughter during her illness, and is a testament to his ability to convey deep personal emotion through art. This work is displayed at The Ashmolean Museum in Oxford.
For art collectors and enthusiasts, Pissarro's works remain a testament to the transformative power of Impressionism and its impact on modern art. His paintings, characterized by their revolutionary depictions of everyday life and nature, continue to be celebrated in major museums around the world.
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Hermenegildo Anglada Camarasa was a Spanish painter.
Camarasa studied at the Llotja de Barcelona School of Fine Arts under Modeste Urgel, whose work influenced his first landscapes. He moved to Paris in 1894, studying at the Académie Julian and the Académie Colarossi. His colorful style of painting shows a strong Oriental and Arabic influence, and his decorative style is associated with the work of Gustav Klimt.
In the early 1990s, Camarasa opened a painting school attended by many students, including Marie Blanchard. He was one of the founders of the Autumn Salons of Paris and was associated with the artists of the Vienna Secession. Camarasa's works from these years, depicting nighttime street scenes, Parisian cabarets and music halls, attracted the attention of Pablo Picasso, who had recently arrived in Montmartre; he even painted a profile portrait of Anglade.
In 1901 Camarasa took part in an international exhibition in Dresden, where he was a great success. He subsequently exhibited all over the world and was awarded gold medals in Venice (1907) and Buenos Aires (1910). During the war years 1939-1947 the artist lived in exile in France.