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Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC.
His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary with neologisms such as evidentia, humanitas, qualitas, quantitas, and essentia, distinguishing himself as a translator and philosopher.


Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC.
His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary with neologisms such as evidentia, humanitas, qualitas, quantitas, and essentia, distinguishing himself as a translator and philosopher.


Massimo Campigli was an Italian painter and writer. He was studied art in Florence and Paris.
Campigli's art was heavily influenced by the Cubist and Surrealist movements, and his paintings often featured bold, geometric shapes and stylized figures. He was known for his use of bright colors and flat planes of color, which gave his work a sense of depth and dimension.
In addition to his art, Campigli was also a writer, and published several books and essays on art and literature throughout his career. He was a member of the Italian Communist Party, and his political beliefs often informed his work.
Campigli's art was widely exhibited throughout Europe and the United States during his lifetime, and he received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to the arts.
Today, Campigli is considered one of the most important Italian painters of the 20th century, and his work continues to be studied and exhibited around the world. His legacy has had a significant impact on the development of modern and contemporary art.


Massimo Campigli was an Italian painter and writer. He was studied art in Florence and Paris.
Campigli's art was heavily influenced by the Cubist and Surrealist movements, and his paintings often featured bold, geometric shapes and stylized figures. He was known for his use of bright colors and flat planes of color, which gave his work a sense of depth and dimension.
In addition to his art, Campigli was also a writer, and published several books and essays on art and literature throughout his career. He was a member of the Italian Communist Party, and his political beliefs often informed his work.
Campigli's art was widely exhibited throughout Europe and the United States during his lifetime, and he received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to the arts.
Today, Campigli is considered one of the most important Italian painters of the 20th century, and his work continues to be studied and exhibited around the world. His legacy has had a significant impact on the development of modern and contemporary art.


Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC.
His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary with neologisms such as evidentia, humanitas, qualitas, quantitas, and essentia, distinguishing himself as a translator and philosopher.


Massimo Campigli was an Italian painter and writer. He was studied art in Florence and Paris.
Campigli's art was heavily influenced by the Cubist and Surrealist movements, and his paintings often featured bold, geometric shapes and stylized figures. He was known for his use of bright colors and flat planes of color, which gave his work a sense of depth and dimension.
In addition to his art, Campigli was also a writer, and published several books and essays on art and literature throughout his career. He was a member of the Italian Communist Party, and his political beliefs often informed his work.
Campigli's art was widely exhibited throughout Europe and the United States during his lifetime, and he received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to the arts.
Today, Campigli is considered one of the most important Italian painters of the 20th century, and his work continues to be studied and exhibited around the world. His legacy has had a significant impact on the development of modern and contemporary art.


Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC.
His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary with neologisms such as evidentia, humanitas, qualitas, quantitas, and essentia, distinguishing himself as a translator and philosopher.



Gustav Stickley was an American furniture designer, architect, and leader of the American Arts and Crafts movement. He is renowned for his contribution to the design and production of high-quality, handcrafted furniture that emphasized simplicity, functionality, and craftsmanship.
In 1898, he established his own furniture company called the Gustav Stickley Company, later known as Craftsman Workshops. Stickley's furniture designs became synonymous with the Craftsman style, which advocated for well-crafted, and functional pieces.
One of Stickley's most iconic furniture designs was the Morris chair, which became synonymous with the Craftsman movement. The Morris chair featured a reclining back, adjustable angles, and typically incorporated cushioned upholstery.
Stickley's furniture designs were characterized by sturdy construction, visible joinery, and the use of native American woods. He emphasized the beauty of natural materials and the integrity of the craftsman's handwork. Stickley's designs were a reaction against the ornate and mass-produced furniture of the time, and he sought to bring back traditional craftsmanship and simplicity.


Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC.
His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary with neologisms such as evidentia, humanitas, qualitas, quantitas, and essentia, distinguishing himself as a translator and philosopher.


Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC.
His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary with neologisms such as evidentia, humanitas, qualitas, quantitas, and essentia, distinguishing himself as a translator and philosopher.


Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC.
His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary with neologisms such as evidentia, humanitas, qualitas, quantitas, and essentia, distinguishing himself as a translator and philosopher.


Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists. He came from a wealthy municipal family of the Roman equestrian order, and served as consul in 63 BC.
His influence on the Latin language was immense. He wrote more than three-quarters of extant Latin literature that is known to have existed in his lifetime, and it has been said that subsequent prose was either a reaction against or a return to his style, not only in Latin but in European languages up to the 19th century. Cicero introduced into Latin the arguments of the chief schools of Hellenistic philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary with neologisms such as evidentia, humanitas, qualitas, quantitas, and essentia, distinguishing himself as a translator and philosopher.
