Landscape painters Mannerism


Ludolf Bakhuizen was a Dutch painter of the 17th and early 18th centuries. He is known as an outstanding master of seascapes. Bakhuizen also painted biblical themes and portraits of his contemporaries as well as engravings and miniature models of ships.
Ludolf Bakhuizen is considered one of the best marine painters of the Golden Age of Dutch painting. Among the admirers of his work were many influential European rulers, including the Russian Tsar Peter the Great. The master met Peter I, who visited Amsterdam in the mid-1690s and, according to contemporaries, even managed to give some painting lessons to the Russian tsar. In addition, Вakhuizen made models of all kinds of ship designs on commission from Peter the Great.
Toward the end of his life, the Amsterdam authorities honored Bakhuizen by opening his own gallery on the top floor of the City Hall for his achievements in the fine arts. The best masterpieces of his work are now preserved in museums in the Netherlands, Germany, England, France, and Italy.


Abraham Bloemaert was a Dutch painter, draughtsman, and printmaker from the Golden Age of Dutch painting, one of the founders of the Guild of St. Luke in Utrecht. Bloemart was a caravagist. He painted mainly landscapes, mythological and biblical scenes, and pastoral works.


Hans Bol was a Flemish artist renowned for his miniature paintings and prints. Born in Mechelen, Bol was a pivotal figure in the transition from the world landscape tradition to a more realistic portrayal of nature. His early works as a 'water-verwer' offered affordable wall decorations but were susceptible to copying. This led him to create intricate miniatures on parchment, a medium less easily replicated.
Bol's influence on landscape art in the Low Countries is significant. His realistic landscapes, often featuring biblical scenes or daily life, showed a departure from imaginary landscapes, which was common at the time. This shift was partly due to the influence of Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Bol's completion of the Four Seasons series, initially started by Bruegel, established him as a master of landscape art, blending detailed observation with imaginative elements.
Notably, Bol's works are present in prestigious institutions such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art, where pieces like "The Prodigal Son" and various landscapes reflect his mastery of pen, ink, and wash. His artworks, like the "Landscape with a View of Antwerp," stand testament to his skill in capturing the essence of the Dutch landscape, influencing a generation of Dutch painters.
For collectors, auctioneers, and art connoisseurs, Hans Bol's legacy offers a glimpse into the evolution of landscape painting. His works not only adorned the homes of the affluent during his time but continue to be celebrated for their historical and artistic value.
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Luciano Borzone was an Italian painter of the late Mannerist and early Baroque periods, working mainly in Genoa. After an apprenticeship with Filippo Bertolotto, his uncle, Duke Alberigo of Massa Lunigiana, patronised his work as a pupil of Cesare Corte.
Luciano Bordzone was an outstanding portrait painter. In Genoa he painted the Purification for the church of San Domenico and the Baptism of Christ for the church of Santo Spirito.


Paul Bril was a prominent Flemish painter, best known for his significant contributions to landscape painting. Born around 1554 in Antwerp, he later moved to Rome, where he became a central figure in the art scene, influencing the Italian and Northern European landscape painting traditions.
Paul Bril's early works were steeped in the Flemish manner, exhibiting a picturesque arrangement of landscape elements with dramatic contrasts of light and dark. His style evolved during his stay in Rome, influenced by the work of Annibale Carracci and Adam Elsheimer. By around 1605, Bril's compositions became more serene and classical, showcasing calmer transitions from foreground to background and embracing pastoral and mythological themes.
Paul Bril's contributions extended beyond his paintings. He was a respected figure in Rome's art community, becoming the first foreign director of the Accademia di San Luca in 1621. His patrons included some of the most influential families in Rome, and his work was sought after by collectors and fellow artists. Bril's influence was profound, impacting future generations of artists, including the Dutch Italianates and genre painters active in Rome.
His works can be found in prestigious galleries worldwide, illustrating his enduring legacy in the art world. For collectors and art and antiques experts, Paul Bril's work represents a significant period in the evolution of landscape painting, blending Flemish traditions with Italian classicism.
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Pieter Brueghel the Younger was a Flemish artist celebrated for his detailed landscapes, religious themes, proverbs, and vibrant village scenes. Despite being the son of the illustrious Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Brueghel the Younger carved out his own niche in the art world, earning the moniker 'Hell Brueghel' for his dynamic scenes of fires and energetic copies of his father's peasant life portrayals.
Brueghel the Younger's original creations, such as "The Village Lawyer," showcase his keen observation of village life, merging the energy and boldness of 17th-century style with his father's idiom. His work is characterized by its lively, picturesque depiction of peasants, albeit some critics argue they lack the subtlety and humanism of his father's creations. Despite this, Brueghel the Younger's legacy includes a significant number of original works and copies that were rediscovered in the 20th century, highlighting his contribution to the Flemish painting tradition.
His workshop was known for its prolific output, especially in producing copies of Bruegel the Elder's compositions, a testament to the enduring popularity and influence of the Bruegel family's artistic legacy. However, Brueghel the Younger also impressed with his unique compositions, contributing to the genre of still life and village scenes with a distinct style that resonated well into modern times.
For collectors and experts in art and antiques, Pieter Brueghel the Younger's works represent an important period in Flemish art, offering insights into the evolution of genre painting and the detailed portrayal of rural life. His paintings, held in esteemed collections worldwide, continue to be studied and admired for their vibrancy, narrative quality, and historical value.
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Peter Candid was a Flemish painter, tapestry designer, draughtsman and sculptor.
Pieter Candide worked mainly in Italy and Germany. He was an artist at the court of the Medici in Florence and at the Bavarian court of Duke Wilhelm V and his successor Maximilian I in Munich.
His paintings range from historical paintings, portraits, mythological scenes and allegories. He created large altarpiece images as well as complex decorative designs.
Candide's style was characterised by a combination of Italian and Flemish influences, with a particular emphasis on detailed, realistic depictions of the human form.


Jacopo Bassano, known also as Jacopo dal Ponte, was an Italian painter who was born and died in Bassano del Grappa near Venice, and took the village as his surname. Trained in the workshop of his father, Francesco the Elder, and studying under Bonifazio Veronese in Venice, he painted mostly religious paintings including landscape and genre scenes. He often treated biblical themes in the manner of rural genre scenes, portraying people who look like local peasants and depicting animals with real interest. Bassano's pictures were very popular in Venice because of their depiction of animals and nocturnal scenes. His four sons: Francesco Bassano the Younger, Giovanni Battista da Ponte, Leandro Bassano, and Girolamo da Ponte, also became artists and followed him closely in style and subject matter.


Giovanni di Niccolò de Luteri, better known as Dosso Dossi, was an Italian Renaissance painter who belonged to the School of Ferrara, painting in a style mainly influenced by Venetian painting, in particular Giorgione and early Titian.
From 1514 to his death he was court artist to the Este Dukes of Ferrara and of Modena, whose small court valued its reputation as an artistic centre. He often worked with his younger brother Battista Dossi, who had worked under Raphael. He painted many mythological subjects and allegories with a rather dream-like atmospheres, and often striking disharmonies in colour. His portraits also often show rather unusual poses or expressions for works originating in a court.


Lucas van Valckenborch was a Flemish painter, mainly known for his landscapes. He also made contributions to portrait painting, and allegorical and market scenes. Court painter to Archduke Matthias, the governor of the Spanish Netherlands in Brussels, he later migrated to Austria and then Germany where he joined members of his extended family of artists who had moved there for religious reasons.


Jacob Grimmer was a Flemish painter who was active during the Late Renaissance. He specialised in landscapes and genre scenes, often depicting the everyday life of peasants.
His style was strongly influenced by Pieter Bruegel the Elder and the works of Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael.
Grimmer's paintings are characterized by detailed, realistic depictions of nature. His landscapes are characterized by wide expanses and intricate detail.
Jacob Grimmer was known for his ability to capture the nuances of human behaviour, so his genre works depict the lives of peasants with a touch of humour and whimsy.


Dirck Jacobsz was a distinguished Dutch Renaissance painter, known for his contributions to the Dutch Golden Age of painting. Born into a lineage of artists, Jacobsz honed his skills under the guidance of his father, Jacob Cornelisz van Oostsanen, before establishing his own reputation in the art world. The influence of Jan van Scorel, a fellow Amsterdam painter, is evident in Jacobsz's Mannerist style, contributing to his unique artistic expression.
Jacobsz's legacy includes notable works that have been celebrated for their historical significance and craftsmanship. Among these, "The Crossbowmen" (1529) stands out as his most important piece, marking a pioneering moment in Dutch history as the first militia portrait. This work, along with his other group portraits of civic guards, showcases Jacobsz's exceptional talent in capturing the essence of his subjects, contributing to the rich tapestry of Dutch Renaissance art.
His artistic journey was deeply rooted in his family's legacy, with both his brother Cornelis and his son Jacob Dircksz continuing the tradition of painting. This continuation of the artistic profession within the family underscores the significance of the Jacobsz lineage in the Dutch art scene. Dirck's work, deeply influenced by his surroundings and the prevailing styles of his time, encapsulates the transition of artistic identity through generations, reflecting both personal and societal narratives.
Dirck Jacobsz's contributions to the world of art are commemorated through his works housed in various museums, including the Amsterdam Museum, which showcases his militia paintings and the portrait of Pompejus Occo. These pieces not only highlight Jacobsz's skill and versatility as a painter but also offer insights into the social and cultural contexts of the Dutch Renaissance.
For collectors and experts in art and antiques, Dirck Jacobsz remains a figure of interest for his historical significance and the quality of his work. To stay informed about new discoveries, sales, and auction events related to Dirck Jacobsz, consider signing up for updates from art galleries and auction houses. This will ensure you have access to the latest information and opportunities to acquire works by this renowned Dutch Renaissance painter.


Gijsbrecht Leytens was a Flemish landscape painter of the Early Baroque period. He was famous for his depiction of winter landscapes, which were considered his speciality and were characterised by a highly individualised style. He is considered one of the least studied Flemish painters of the Antwerp School.
Geisbrecht Leitens became a member of the Guild of Saint Luke in Antwerp in 1611. From that time he was entitled to open his own workshop in the city and train apprentices.
The master carefully observed winter nature and birds and developed an individual manner which distinguished him from the philosophical generalisations of Pieter Bruegel the elder or the cosy details and findings of Lucas van Falkenborgh. Trees in his paintings are usually depicted covered in snow, often oddly shaped. The branches of the denuded trees are replete with representations of various birds. The artist's creative style may have been influenced by paintings from the Dutch Mannerism period.


Joos de Momper the Younger was a Flemish landscape painter active in Antwerp between the late 16th century and the early 17th century. Brueghel's influence is clearly evident in many of de Momper's paintings. His work is situated at the transition from late 16th-century Mannerism to the greater realism in landscape painting that developed in the early 17th century. He achieved considerable success during his lifetime.


Roelant Savery was a Flanders-born Dutch Golden Age painter.
Savery primarily painted landscapes in the Flemish tradition of Gillis van Coninxloo, often embellished with many meticulously painted animals and plants, regularly with a mythological or biblical theme as background. He also painted multiple flower still lifes; bouquets in stone niches, sometimes with lizards such as Flowers with Two Lizards, insects or fallen petals and regarded as his best work.
His unique style of painting, related to the then reigning Mannerism, has been highly popular with collectors and can be found in many museums in Europe and North America. His preparatory drawings are also valued highly.


Pietro Sorri was an Italian painter active in Siena. He first studied under Arcangelo Salimbeni and afterwards under Cavaliere Domenico Passignano. Several of his works are in Florence and other cities of Tuscany, particularly at Pisa; he painted landscapes and portraits as well as history. He painted an altarpiece for the church of San Ambrogio in Massa di Carrara.


Pieter Stevens the Younger was a Flemish painter and draughtsman known for his landscapes. He left Flanders to work for the court of Emperor Rudolf II in Prague. The circulation of prints made after a series of romantic Bohemian landscape drawings by Stevens and other artists had an important influence on the development of Flemish and Dutch landscape art in the 17th century.


Gillis van Coninxloo (now also referred to as Gillis van Coninxloo II but previously referred to as Gillis van Coninxloo III) was a Flemish painter of landscapes who played an important role in the development of Northern landscape art at the turn of the 17th century. He spent the last 20 years of his life abroad, first in Germany and later in the Dutch Republic.


Jan van Scorel was a Dutch painter, who played a leading role in introducing aspects of Italian Renaissance painting into Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting. He was one of the early painters of the Romanist style who had spent a number of years in Italy, where he thoroughly absorbed the Italian style of painting.