Plato, Ps-Plato, Leonardo Bruni (1369-1444) - фото 1
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Plato, Ps-Plato, Leonardo Bruni (1369-1444)

Лот 20
10.12.2025 12:00UTC +00:00
Classic
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CHRISTIE'S
AuctioneerCHRISTIE'S
Место проведенияВеликобритания, London
Комиссияsee on Website%
ID 1514381
Лот 20 | Plato, Ps-Plato, Leonardo Bruni (1369-1444)
Оценочная стоимость
£ 10 000 – 15 000
Plato, Ps-Plato, Leonardo Bruni (1369-1444)
Epistolae, Phaedo and Isagogicon, in the Latin translations of Leonardo Bruni, manuscript on paper [northern Italy, mid-15th century]
A unique combination of Platonic and Aristotelian texts translated by Leonardo Bruni, the 'first modern historian' and the most important Italian humanist of the early Renaissance, written in the workshop of Pier Candido Decembrio, with marginal annotations possibly by his hand.

212 x 160mm. 138 leaves, complete, collation: 1-1310, 146, 152, two medieval foliations in the lower right corner: in red ink to f.40, then beginning again in black, superseded by continuous modern foliation followed here, catchwords and quire signatures survive, c. 20-28 lines written by three humanist scribes, including possibly Pier Candido Decembrio, written space: c. 140 x 100mm, initials in blue, titles in red, various contemporary and later maniculae and annotations (first gathering a little loose, a few wormholes, some marginal staining and foxing). Contemporary Italian blind-tooled leather, titled on spine in gold: 'Platoni Epistolae &C. M.S. SÆC. XV.' (rebacked, a little scuffed, lacking clasps and catches, spine a little cracked and lacking small fragment at bottom).


Provenance:
(1) Written in Italy in the middle of the 15th century. The paper watermark is similar to Briquet 5549 (Vicenza, 1453), though without the chainline through the centre. James Hankins placed the scribes of the manuscript in the scrittoio of Pier Candido Decembrio, one of the great Italian humanists and authors of the Renaissance (see also lot 29), and attributed some of the marginalia both in Latin and Greek to Decembrio himself (e.g. on ff.42v, 43v, and 70v). In a note for Bryn Mawr, he suggested that the binding was from a Milanese bottega patronised by Decembrio. See for reference, C.M. Pyle, 'Pier Candido Decembrio and Rome', Umanesimo a Roma nel Quattrocento, 1984.

(2) An erased 18th-century note on f.137, recopied in pencil directly below in a 20th-century hand, reads: 'Mei Christophori Lornati'.

(3) Giovanni Roberto Papafava Antonini dei Carraresi (1735-c.1793): ownership inscription 'Io: Rob: Pappafava' and family bookplate with motto 'Nitimur in Vetitum' on inside upper cover, c.1750.

(4) Abbé Luigi Celotti (c.1768-1846), librarian and art dealer, sold by him at the Canonici-Saibante sale at Sotheby's, 26 February 1821, lot 412.

(5) Richard Heber (1773-1833): his sale at Evans, Bibliotheca Heberiana. Catalogue of the library of the late Richard Heber, Esq. Part the eleventh, 17 February 1836, lot 1071 to:

(6) Thomas Thorpe (1791-1851): his catalogue Upwards of fourteen hundred manuscripts, upon vellum and paper, collected in this and other countries, 1836, no 1005, to:

(7) Sir Thomas Phillipps (1792-1872), antiquary and book collector: his MS 9586. Published in Catalogus librorum manuscriptorum in bibliotheca D. Thomæ Phillipps, Bart., 1837, p.153, no 9586. His sale, Sotheby's, Portion of the famous collection of classical, historical, topographical, genealogical and other manuscripts & autograph letters, &c. of the late Sir Thomas Phillipps, pt. 8, 15 June 1896, lot 953, then 9 June 1899, lot 988 to J. & J. Leighton, likely for:

(8) Robert Reynolds Steele (1860-1944), of Wandsworth Common: his bookplate on inside upper cover and his sale at Hodgson & Co., The Valuable Library of Robert Steele removed from Wandsworth Common, 15 June 1903, lot 477.

(9) W.M. Stafford, Esq., sold by order of H.C. Hadrill at Sotheby's, Catalogue of a collection of printed books and a few manuscripts formed by W.M. Stafford, Esq., deceased, an American student of the Baconian theory and sold by order of H.C. Hadrill, Esq., the present owner, 29 July 1941, lot 52 to:

(10) Maggs Bros, catalogue no 713, European literature, 1942, no 462, of which a clipping is tipped in. Acquired in 1944 by:

(11) Howard Lehman Goodhart (1884-1951), stockbroker and bibliophile. By descent to his daughter:

(12) Phyllis Goodhart Gordan (1913-1994), MS 75. On deposit at Bryn Mawr, BMC 75. Published in Faye & Bond, Supplement, p.401, no 75.

Content:
Ps. Plato, Epistolae, in the Latin translation of Leonardo Bruni, ff.1-40v, with dedication to Cosimo de Medici; Plato, Phaedo, in the Latin translation of Leonardo Bruni, ff.41-112v, with dedication to Innocent VII; blanks ff.113-120v; Leonardo Bruni, Isagogicon disciplinae moralis for Galeotto Ricasoli, beginning: 'Si ut vivendi galiote [...]', ff.121-137; blank f.138.

The texts of Plato were 'rediscovered' at the end of the Middle Ages, and Leonardo Bruni's translations enjoyed a popularity in Renaissance Italy comparable to that of his historical writings. Bruni (c.1370-1444) translated the Phaedo — the middle-period Platonic dialogue on the immortality of the soul with its famous account of the death of Socrates — in Florence c.1405 and later dedicated his work to Innocent VII, the first humanist pope of the Renaissance. Manuscripts of the text survive in institutional collections at the Bodmer Foundation (Cod. Bodmer 137), the Vatican (cod.Vat.lat.3348) and the Beinecke Library (Marston MS 78). Only two other Renaissance manuscripts of the Phaedo have appeared at international auction, according to RBH (Bonhams New York, 1-10 June 2020, lot 10, and Schøyen Collection, MS 2336, sold at Christie's, 11 June 2024, lot 41).

The Epistles of Plato are a series of thirteen letters traditionally included in the Platonic corpus, focusing on his time in Syracuse and his influence on the Syracusan tyrants Dion and Dionysus II, but now generally considered to be forgeries. Bruni translated them shortly after his appointment as Chancellor in Florence in December 1427: they are extremely rare on the market.

No manuscripts of Bruni's Isagogicon, a popularisation of Aristotle's Ethics in the form of a Latin dialogue taken mostly from Cicero’s De finibus, has been offered at auction, according to RBH.




Literature

Thomas Phillipps, Catalogus Librorum Manuscriptorum in Bibliotheca D. Thomæ Phillipps, Bart., A.D. 1837 [Reprinted with an Introduction by A.N.L. Munby], repr. [London] Orskey-Johnson, 2001 (Privately printed, 1837), no 9586.

Faye & Bond, Supplement to the Census of Medieval and Renaissance manuscripts in the United States and Canada, 1962, p. 401, no 75.

P.O. Kristeller, Iter Italicum, V, 1990, p. 351.

James Hankins, 'Bruni Manuscripts in North America: a Handlist,' Nuovi Studi Storici 10 (1991), pp.55-90.

James Hankins, Plato in the Italian Renaissance, vol. 2, 1990, pp.421 and 705, no 198.
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